تفسير القرآن بالسريانية دسائس وأكاذيب والأصول القبالية لتفسير الحروف المقطعة بالسريانية

~ ٤٨٣~ ﻔﻔﻔ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٥٨٣~ ﻔﻔاﻟﻤﺼﺎدرﻔواﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ • ﺸﺸاﻝﻜرﻴم:ﺸاﻝﻘرءانأوﻻً:ﺸ ،،ﺒﻴﺎن،اﻹﻝﻪ،،ووﺤﻴﻪ،اﻝﻤﻨزل،ﺒﻠﺴﺎن،ﻋرﺒﻲ،ﻤﺒﻴن،ﻋﻠﻰ،ﺨﺎﺘم،اﻝﻨﺒﻴﻴن. • ﺸﺸ:ﺸاﻝﻘرءانﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎً:ﺸﻜﺘبﺸاﻝﺴﻨﺔﺸواﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴرﺸواﻝﻘراءاتﺸوﻋﻠومﺸ (١ :،اﻹﻤـﺎم،،اﻝﺴﺠﺴـﺘﺎﻨﻲ،اﻷزدي،اﻷﺸـﻌث،ﺒـن،ﺴـﻠﻴﻤﺎن،داوود،أﺒـﻲ،ﺒـن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒد،ﺒﻜر،أﺒو ،ﺨطﻴـﺔ،ﻨﺴـﺦ،ﻤـن،ﻨﻘـل،،ﺠﻔـري،آرﺜـر،اﻝـدﻜﺘور:،طﺒﻌـﻪ،ﻋﻠﻰ،ووﻗف،ﺼﺤﺤﻪ،،اﻝﻤﺼﺎﺤف،ﻜﺘﺎب ،،ﺒﻤﺼــر،اﻝرﺤﻤﺎﻨﻴــﺔ،ﺒﺎﻝﻤطﺒﻌــﺔ،طﺒــﻊ،،اﻷوﻝــﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌــﺔ،،ﺒدﻤﺸــق،اﻝظﺎﻫرﻴــﺔ،ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒــﺔ،ﻤﺤﻔوظــﺔ ،.م٦٣٩١/ه٥٥٣١ (٢ ،،اﻝﻘـرءان،آي،ﺘﻔﺴـﻴر،ﻋـن،اﻝﺒﻴـﺎن،ﺠـﺎﻤﻊ:،اﻹﻤـﺎم،،اﻝطﺒري،ﺠرﻴر،ﺒن،ﻤﺤﻤد،ﺠﻌﻔر،أﺒو ،،اﻝﻤﻌــﺎرف،دار،،ﺸــﺎﻜر،أﺤﻤــد،اﻝﺸــﻴﺦ:،أﺤﺎدﻴﺜــﻪ،ﺨــرج،،ﺸــﺎﻜر،ﻤﺤﻤــد،ﻤﺤﻤــود،اﻷﺴــﺘﺎذ:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــق ،.م٩٦٩١،-م٥٥٩١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة (٣ اﻝﻨﻴﺴـﺎﺒوري،،،اﻝﻘﺸـﻴري،ﻜوﺸـﺎذ،ﺒـن،ورد،ﺒـن،ﻤﺴـﻠم،ﺒـن،اﻝﺤﺠـﺎج،ﺒـن،ﻤﺴـﻠم،اﻝﺤﺴـﻴن،أﺒو ،ﻜﺘﺒـﻪ،وﻋـد،وﺘرﻗﻴﻤـﻪ،وﺘﺼـﺤﻴﺤﻪ،ﻨﺼوﺼـﻪ،وﺘﺤﻘﻴـق،طﺒﻌـﻪ،ﻋﻠـﻰ،وﻗـف،،ﻤﺴـﻠم،ﺼـﺤﻴﺢ:،اﻹﻤﺎم ،اﻝﻜﺘـب،إﺤﻴـﺎء،دار،،اﻝﺒـﺎﻗﻲ،ﻋﺒـد،ﻓؤاد،ﻤﺤﻤد:،اﻝﻨووي،اﻹﻤﺎم،ﺸرح،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ،وﻋﻠق،وأﺤﺎدﻴﺜﻪ،وأﺒواﺒﻪ ،.م٥٥٩١/ه٤٧٣١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ،اﻝﺒﺎﺒﻲ،ﻋﻴﺴﻰ،ﻓﻴﺼل،،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ (٤ :،اﻝﻨﺸــر،ﻓــﻲ،،،اﻹﻤــﺎماﻝﺸــﻬﻴر،ﺒــﺎﺒن،اﻝﺠــزريأﺒــو،اﻝﺨﻴــر،ﻤﺤﻤــد،ﺒــن،ﻤﺤﻤــد،اﻝدﻤﺸــﻘﻲ، اﻝﻘراءات،اﻝﻌﺸر،،أﺸرف،ﻋﻠﻰ،ﺘﺼﺤﻴﺤﻪ،وﻤراﺠﻌﺘﻪ:،اﻝﺸﻴﺦ،ﻋﻠﻲ،ﻤﺤﻤد،اﻝﻀﺒﺎع،،ﺸﻴﺦ،ﻋﻤوم، اﻝﻤﻘــﺎرئ،اﻝﻤﺼــرﻴﺔ،،طﺒﻌــﺔ،ﻤﺼــورة،ﻤــن،طﺒﻌــﺔ،اﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒــﺔ،اﻝﺘﺠﺎرﻴــﺔ،اﻝﻜﺒــرى،ﺒﺎﻝﻘــﺎﻫرة،،دار،اﻝﻔﻜــر، ،ﻝﻠطﺒﺎﻋﺔ،واﻝﻨﺸر،واﻝﺘوزﻴﻊ،،ﺒدون،ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ. (٥ ،،اﻝﻘـرءان،ﻷﺤﻜـﺎم،اﻝﺠـﺎﻤﻊ:،اﻹﻤـﺎم،،اﻝﻘرطﺒﻲ،ﻨﺼﺎرياﻷ،أﺤﻤد،ﺒن،ﻤﺤﻤد،اﷲ،ﻋﺒد،أﺒو ،.م٥٣٩١/ه٣٥٣١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻷدﺒﻲ،اﻝﻘﺴم،،اﻝﻤﺼرﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﺘب،دار http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٦٨٣~ (٦ :،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـق،،اﻝﺴـﺒﻊ،اﻝﻘـراءات،ﻓـﻲ،اﻝﺘﻴﺴـﻴر:،،،اﻹﻤـﺎماﻝـداﻨﻲ،ﺴـﻌﻴد،ﺒن،ﻋﺜﻤﺎن،ﻋﻤرو،أﺒو ،.م٤٨٩١/ه٤٠٤١،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﻌرﺒﻲ،اﻝﻜﺘﺎب،دار،،ﺒرﺘزل،أوﺘو:،اﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸرق (٧ ،دار،،ﺤﺴـن،ﻋـزة،اﻝـدﻜﺘور:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـق،،اﻝﻤﺼـﺎﺤف،ﻨﻘـط،ﻓـﻲ،اﻝﻤﺤﻜـم:،اﻝداﻨﻲ،ﻋﻤرو،أﺒو ،.م٧٩٩١/ه٨١٤١،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،دﻤﺸق،،اﻝﻔﻜر،دار،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﻤﻌﺎﺼر،اﻝﻔﻜر (٨ ،اﻝﺼــﺎدق،ﻤﺤﻤــد:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــق،،اﻷﻤﺼــﺎر،ﻤﺼــﺎﺤف،رﺴــم،ﻓــﻲ،اﻝﻤﻘﻨــﻊ:،اﻝــداﻨﻲ،ﻋﻤــرو،أﺒــو ،.م٨٧٩١،،اﻷزﻫرﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﻠﻴﺎت،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،ﻗﻤﺤﺎوي (٩ ،،اﻝﺘرﻤـذي،اﻝﺴـﻠﻤﻲ،اﻝﻀـﺤﺎك،ﺒـن،ﻤوﺴـﻰ،ﺒـن،ﺴَـوْرة،ﺒـن،ﻋﻴﺴـﻰ،ﺒـن،ﻤﺤﻤـد،ﻋﻴﺴﻰ،أﺒو ،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،ﻋوض،ﻋطوة،إﺒراﻫﻴم،اﻝﺸﻴﺦ:،،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق٥ج،،اﻝﺘرﻤذي،ﺴﻨن،،اﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ،اﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ:،اﻹﻤﺎم ،،.م٥٧٩١/ه٥٩٣١،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ،اﻝﺒﺎﺒﻲ،ﻤﺼطﻔﻰ،وﻤطﺒﻌﺔ (٠١ ،اﻝﻘـرءان،ﺘﻔﺴـﻴر:،اﻝﺤـﺎﻓظ،،اﻝدﻤﺸـﻘﻲ،اﻝﻘرﺸـﻲ،ﻜﺜﻴـر،ﺒـن،ﻋﻤـر،ﺒـن،إﺴـﻤﺎﻋﻴل،اﻝﻔدا،أﺒو ،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴـــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌـــﺔ،،واﻝﺘوزﻴـــﻊ،ﻝﻠﻨﺸـــر،طﻴﺒـــﺔ،دار،،اﻝﺴـــﻼﻤﺔ،ﻤﺤﻤـــد،ﺒـــن،ﺴـــﺎﻤﻲ،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـــق،،اﻝﻌظـــﻴم ،.م٩٩٩١/ه٠٢٤١،،اﻝرﻴﺎض (١١ ،ﻋن،اﻝﻜﺸﺎف:،اﻝﺨوارزﻤﻲ،،اﻹﻤﺎم،اﻝزﻤﺨﺸري،ﻋﻤر،ﺒن،ﻤﺤﻤود،اﷲ،ﺠﺎر،اﻝﻘﺎﺴم،أﺒو ،.م٦٥٨١،،اﻝﻬﻨد،،ﻜﻠﻜﺘﺎ،ﺒﻤدﻴﻨﺔ،طﺒﻊ،،اﻝﺘﺄوﻴل،وﺠوﻩ،ﻓﻲ،اﻷﻗﺎوﻴل،وﻋﻴون،اﻝﺘﻨزﻴل،ﺤﻘﺎﺌق (٢١ ،اﻷرﺒﻌــﺔ،ﺒــﺎﻝﻘراءات،ﻋﺸــر،اﻷرﺒﻌــﺔ،ﻓﻀــﻼء،اﺘﺤــﺎف:،اﻝﺒﻨــﺎ،،اﻹﻤــﺎم،ﻤﺤﻤــد،ﺒــن،أﺤﻤــد ،اﻝــدﻜﺘور:،ﻝــﻪ،وﻗــدم،ﺤﻘﻘــﻪ،،اﻝﻘــراءات،ﻋﻠــوم،ﻓــﻲ،واﻝﻤﺴــرات،اﻷﻤــﺎﻨﻲ،ﻤﻨﺘﻬــﻰ:،اﻝﻤﺴــﻤﻰ،،ﻋﺸــر ،،اﻷوﻝــﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌــﺔ،،اﻷزﻫرﻴــﺔ،اﻝﻜﻠﻴــﺎت،ﻤﻜﺘﺒــﺔ،،ﺒﻴــروت،،اﻝﻜﺘــب،ﻋــﺎﻝم،،إﺴــﻤﺎﻋﻴل،ﻤﺤﻤــد،ﺸــﻌﺒﺎن ،.م٧٨٩١/ه٧٠٤١،،،ﻝﻘﺎﻫرةا (٣١ ،،اﻝﻘـــرءان،ﻋﻠـــوم،ﻓـــﻲ،اﻝﺒرﻫـــﺎن:،اﻝزرﻜﺸـــﻲ،،اﻹﻤـــﺎم،اﷲ،ﻋﺒـــد،ﺒـــن،ﻤﺤﻤـــد،اﻝـــدﻴن،ﺒـــدر، ،،اﻝﻘــــــــﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜــــــــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌــــــــﺔ،،اﻝﺘــــــــراث،ﻤﻜﺘﺒــــــــﺔ،،إﺒــــــــراﻫﻴم،اﻝﻔﻀــــــــل،أﺒــــــــو،ﻤﺤﻤــــــــد:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــــــــق ،.م٤٨٩١/ه٤٠٤١ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٧٨٣~ (٤١ ،ﻋﻠـــوم،ﻓـــﻲ،اﻻﺘﻘـــﺎن:،اﻝﺴـــﻴوطﻲ،،اﻹﻤـــﺎم،ﺒﻜـــر،أﺒـــﻲ،ﺒـــن،اﻝـــرﺤﻤن،ﻋﺒـــد،اﻝـــدﻴن،ﺠـــﻼل، ،،ﺒﻴــــــــــروت،،١ط،،اﻝرﺴــــــــــﺎﻝﺔ،ﻤؤﺴﺴــــــــــﺔ،،اﻷرﻨــــــــــﺎؤوط،ﺸــــــــــﻌﻴب،اﻝﺸــــــــــﻴﺦ:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــــــــــق،،اﻝﻘــــــــــرءان ،.م٨٠٠٢/ه٩٢٤١ (٥١ ،وﺠـــﻪ،،ﺎﻝﻘرءانﺒـــ،ﻤﻔﺴـــراً،،اﻝﻘـــرءان،ﻓـــﻲ،اﻷﻋﺠﻤـــﻲ،اﻝﻌﻠـــم:،ﺴـــﻌدة،،اﻷﺴـــﺘﺎذ،أﺒـــو،رؤوف ،م٤٩٩١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﻬﻼل،دار،،اﻝﻘرءان،إﻋﺠﺎز،ﻤن،ﺠدﻴد (٦١ ،اﻝﺴﻴد:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق،،اﻝﻘرءان،ﻤﺸﻜل،ﺘﺄوﻴل:،اﻝدﻴﻨوري،،اﻹﻤﺎم،ﻗﺘﻴﺒﺔ،ﺒن،ﻤﺴﻠم،ﺒن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒد ،.م٣٧٩١/ه٣٩٣١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺘراث،دار،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،ﺼﻘر،أﺤﻤد (٧١ ،ﺤرز:،اﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ،اﻝﺸﺎطﺒﻴﺔ،ﻤﺘن:،اﻝرﻋﻴﻨﻲ،،اﻹﻤﺎم،اﻝﺸﺎطﺒﻲ،ﺨﻠف،ﺒن،ﻓﻴرة،ﺒن،اﻝﻘﺎﺴم ،اﻝﻬــدى،دار،ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ،،اﻝزﻋﺒــﻲ،ﺘﻤـﻴم،ﻤﺤﻤــد:،وراﺠﻌـﻪ،وﺼــﺤﺤﻪ،ﻀـﺒطﻪ،،اﻝﺘﻬــﺎﻨﻲ،ووﺠـﻪ،اﻷﻤـﺎﻨﻲ ،،اﻝراﺒﻌـــــــــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌـــــــــﺔ،،ﺒﺴـــــــــورﻴﺎ،ﻴـــــــــﺔاﻝﻘرءاﻨ،ﻝﻠدراﺴـــــــــﺎت،اﻝﻐوﺜـــــــــﺎﻨﻲ،ودار،،اﻝﻤﻨـــــــــورة،ﺒﺎﻝﻤدﻴﻨـــــــــﺔ ،.م٥٠٠٢/ه٦٢٤١ (٨١ :،اﻝﺒﺨــﺎري،،اﻹﻤــﺎم،اﻝﺠﻌﻔــﻲ،ﺒردذﺒــﻪ،ﺒــن،اﻝﻤﻐﻴــرة،ﺒــن،إﺒــراﻫﻴم،ﺒــن،إﺴــﻤﺎﻋﻴل،ﺒــن،ﻤﺤﻤـد ،ﻤــن،ﻋﺎﻝﻤــﺎً،،ﻋﺸــر،ﺴــﺘﺔ،ﻤـن،ﻝﺠﻨــﺔ:،ﺒﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘــﻪ،ﻗــﺎم،،اﻝﺴـﻠطﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌــﺔ،،اﻝﺒﺨــﺎري،اﻹﻤــﺎم،ﺼـﺤﻴﺢ ،.ه١١٣١،،اﻝﻤﺤﻤﻴﺔ،ﻤﺼر،ﺒﺒوﻻق،اﻷﻤﻴرﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﺒرى،ﺒﺎﻝﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،طﺒﻊ،،اﻝﺸرﻴف،اﻷزﻫر،ﻋﻠﻤﺎء (٩١ ،،اﻝـري،ﺒﺨطﻴـب،اﻝﻤﺸﺘﻬر،،ﻋﻤر،اﻝدﻴن،ﻀﻴﺎء،اﻝﻌﻼﻤﺔ،اﺒن،اﻝدﻴن،ﻓﺨر،اﻝرازي،ﻤﺤﻤد ،،،،اﻝﻘــــــــﺎﻫرةاﻷوﻝــــــــﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌــــــــﺔ،،اﻝﻔﻜــــــــر،دار،،اﻝﻐﻴــــــــب،وﻤﻔــــــــﺎﺘﻴﺢ،اﻝﻜﺒﻴــــــــر،اﻝﺘﻔﺴــــــــﻴر:،اﻹﻤــــــــﺎم ،.م١٨٩١/ه١٠٤١ (٠٢ ،اﻝـدﻜﺘور،ﺘﻘـدﻴم،،اﻝﻘـرءان،ﻷﻝﻔـﺎظ،اﻝﻤﻔﻬـرس،اﻝﻤﻌﺠم:،اﻷﺴﺘﺎذ،،اﻝﺒﺎﻗﻲ،ﻋﺒد،ﻓؤاد،ﻤﺤﻤد ،.م٥٤٩١/ه٤٦٣١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻷدﺒﻲ،اﻝﻘﺴم،،اﻝﻤﺼرﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﺘب،دار،،ﻓﻬﻤﻲ،ﻨﺼورﻤ (١٢ اﻝﻘــراءات،،ﻗــدم،،ﻤﻌــﺎﻨﻲ،ﻋــن،اﻹﺒﺎﻨــﺔ:،اﻝﻘﻴﺴــﻲ،،اﻹﻤــﺎم،ﺤﻤــوش،طﺎﻝــب،أﺒــﻲ،ﺒــن،ﻤﻜــﻲ ﻝـﻪ،،وﺤﻘﻘـﻪ،،وﻋﻠــق،ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ،،وﺨـرج،ﻗراءاﺘــﻪ:،اﻝـدﻜﺘور،ﻋﺒـد،اﻝﻔﺘــﺎح،إﺴـﻤﺎﻋﻴل،ﺸـﻠﺒﻲ،،دار،ﻨﻬﻀــﺔ، ،م.٨٧٩١ﻤﺼر،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،، http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٨٨٣~ (٢٢ :،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـق،،اﻝﻘـرءان،ﻓـﻲ،وﺒﻠﻰ،ﻜﻼ ،،.م٣٠٠٢/ه٣٢٤١،،ﻘﺎﻫرةﻝا،،اﻷوﻝﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝدﻴﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،ﻨﺼﺎر،ﺤﺴﻴن،دﻜﺘور 23) George Sale: A Copmerhensive Commentary on The Quran Comperising Sale's Translation and Preliminary Discourse, Copyright, Trubner and Co., Ludgate Hill, London, 1882.، • ﺸﺸاﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔﺸوﻨﺤوﻫﺎﺸوﻤﻌﺎﺠﻤﻬﺎ:ﺜﺎﻝﺜﺎً:ﺸ (١ اﻝﻜﺘــﺎب،،ﺒﺴــﻴﺒوﻴﻪ،،اﻹﻤــﺎم:،،اﻝﻤﻠﻘــب،اﻝﺤــﺎرﺜﻲ،ﻗﻨﺒــر،ﺒــن،ﻋﺜﻤــﺎن،ﺒــن،أﺒــو،ﺒﺸــر،ﻋﻤــرو ،م.٢٩٩١ه/٢١٤١ﺘﺤﻘﻴق:،ﻋﺒد،اﻝﺴﻼم،ﻤﺤﻤد،ﻫﺎرون،،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،اﻝﺨﺎﻨﺠﻲ،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،، (٢ أﺒو،اﻝﺤﺴﻴن،أﺤﻤد،ﺒن،ﻓﺎرس،ﺒن،زﻜرﻴﺎ،،اﻹﻤﺎم:،ﻤﻌﺠم،ﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴس،اﻝﻠﻐﺔ،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق، ،،م.٩٧٩١ﻫﺎرون،،دار،اﻝﻔﻜر،،وﻀﺒط:،ﻋﺒد،اﻝﺴﻼم،ﻤﺤﻤد، (٣ أﺒو،اﻝﻔﻀل،ﺠﻤﺎل،اﻝدﻴن،ﻤﺤﻤد،ﺒن،ﻤﻜرم،ﺒن،ﻤﻨظور،اﻹﻓرﻴﻘﻲ،اﻝﻤﺼري،،اﻹﻤﺎم:، ،،م.٨٦٩١ﻝﺴﺎن،اﻝﻌرب،،دار،ﺼﺎدر،،ﺒﻴروت،، (٤ :،ﺘــﺎج،اﻝﻌــروس،ﻤــن،ﺠــواﻫر،،،اﻹﻤــﺎمﻤﺤﻤــد،ﻤرﺘﻀــﻰ،اﻝﺤﺴــﻴﻨﻲ،اﻝزﺒﻴــديأﺒــو،اﻝﻔــﻴض، اﻹﻋـﻼم،،ﻤطﺒﻌـﺔ،اﻝﻘﺎﻤوس،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق:،دﻜﺘور،ﻤﺼـطﻔﻰ،ﺤﺠـﺎزي،،راﺠﻌﺘـﻪ،ﻝﺠﻨـﺔ،ﻓﻨﻴـﺔ،ﻤـن،وزارة، ،م.٩٨٩١/ه٩٠٤١ﺤﻜوﻤﺔ،اﻝﻜوﻴت،، (٥ ،ﻋﺒـــد،دﻜﺘــور:،وﺘﺤﻘﻴـــق،ﺘرﺘﻴــب،،اﻝﻌــﻴن،،،اﻹﻤــﺎم:،ﻜﺘـــﺎبﻝﺨﻠﻴــل،ﺒــن،أﺤﻤـــد،اﻝﻔراﻫﻴــديا ،.م٣٠٠٢/ه٤٢٤١،،اﻷوﻝﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﺘب،دار،،ﻫﻨداوي،اﻝﺤﻤﻴد • ﺸراﺒﻌﺎً:ﺸاﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔﺸوﻗواﻋدﻫﺎﺸوﻤﻌﺎﺠﻤﻬﺎﺸوﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻬﺎ: (١ :،اﻝﻠﻤﻌﺔ،اﻝﺸﻬﻴﺔ،ﻓﻲ،ﻨﺤو،اﻝﻠﻐـﺔ،،،اﻝﻤطراناﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻲإﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴس،ﻴوﺴف،داوود،اﻝﻤوﺼﻠﻲ، ،م.٩٧٨١طﺒﻊ،ﻓﻲ،اﻝﻤوﺼل،،ﻓﻲ،دﻴر،اﻵﺒﺎء،اﻝدوﺴﻜﻴﻴن،،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ،، (٢ ،طﺒﻊ،،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻵراﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻠﻐﺔ،ﻏراﻤطﻴق:،اﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ،واﻝراﻫب،اﻝﻜﻔرﻨﻴﺴﻲ،،اﻝﻘس،ﺒوﻝس ،،.م٩٢٩١،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻻﺠﺘﻬﺎد،ﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،ﻓﻲ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٩٨٣~ (٣ ،اﻵراﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻠﻐﺔ،ﻓﻲ،ﻜﺘﺎب،وﻫو،،اﻝﻠﺒﺎب:،اﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ،،اﻷب،اﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ،اﻝﻘرداﺤﻲ،ﺠﺒراﺌﻴل ،،.م١٩٨١،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﻴﺴوﻋﻴﻴن،ﻝﻶﺒﺎء،اﻝﻜﺎﺜوﻝﻴﻜﻴﺔ،اﻝﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝﻜﻠداﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ (٤ ﺠﺒراﺌﻴل،اﻝﻘرداﺤﻲ:،اﻝﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ،ﻓﻲ،،اﻝﻨﺤو،واﻝﻤﻌﺎﻨﻲ،ﻋﻨد،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎن، Ex Typographia Polyglotta, S. C،Propaganda Fide, Rome, 1903.،، (٥ ﻨﺤو،اﻝﻠﻐﺔ،اﻵراﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﻠداﻨﻴﺔ،وﺼرﻓﻬﺎ،:،ﻓﻲ،،،اﻷبﺠرﺠس،اﻝرزي،اﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ م.٧٩٨١،،طﺒﻊ،ﺒﺎﻝﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،اﻝﻜﺎﺜوﻝﻴﻜﻴﺔ،ﻝﻶﺒﺎء،اﻝﻴﺴوﻋﻴﻴن،،ﺒﻴروت،،وﺸﻌرﻫﺎ ﺸ ٦( :،ﻗﺎﻤوس،ﻜﻠداﻨﻲ،ﻋرﺒﻲ،،أﻋﺎد،طﺒﻌﻪ:،اﻝدﻜﺘور،روﻓﺎﺌﻴل،،،اﻝﻤطرانﻴﻌﻘوب،أوﺠﻴن،ﻤﻨ م.٥٧٩١ﺒﻴداوﻴد،،ﻤطران،ﺒﻴروت،ﻋﻠﻰ،اﻝﻜﻠدان،،ﻤﻨﺸورات،ﻤرﻜز،ﺒﺎﺒل،،ﺒﻴروت،، 7) Adalbert Merx: The History of the study of grammar among the Syrians, Edited and translated by Daniel King. Piscataway, Georgias Press, USA, 2013. 8) Alison Salveson: Jacob of Edessa' life and work, in: Jacob of Edessa and the syriac culture of his day, Editor: Bas Ter Haa Romeny, Brill, Leiden, Boston, 2008. 9) Carl Brockelmann: Lexicon Syriacum, First Edition, Reuther & Reichard, Berlin, T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1895. 10) Carl Brockelmann: Lexicon Syriacum, Second Edition, Halis Saxonum, 1928. 11) Hassano Bar Bahlule: Lexicon Syriacum, E Pluribus Codicibus Edidit Notulis Instruxit: Rubens Duval, Collection Orientale, Tomus Primus, Paris, MDCCCCI. 12) Isho Bar Ali: The Syriac Arabic Glosses, Edited by: Richard Gottheil, Ipografia D.R. Academia Dei Lincei, Rome, 1908. 13) Louis Costaz: Syriaque Francais, Syriac English, ، ʾnʾt Troisieme Edition, Dar El Machreq, Beyrouth, 2002. ، 14) Theodor Nöldeke: Compendious Syriac Grammar, Translated from German by: James Crichton, Williams and Norgate, London, 1904. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٠٩٣~ 15) Robert Payne Smith, Auxit Digessit Exposuit Edidit: Thesaurus Syriacus, Oxonii, E Typographeo Clarendoniano, London, M.DCCCC.I. • ﺸﺸ:وﻗواﻋدﻫﺎﺸاﻝﻼﺘﻴﻨﻴﺔﺨﺎﻤﺴﺎً:ﺸ 1) William Gardner Hale and Carl Darling Buck: A Latin Grammar, Ginn and Company Publishers, Boston and London, 1903. • ﺸﺸﺎً:ﺸاﻝﺴﺎﻤﻴونﺸواﻝﻠﻐﺎتﺸاﻝﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ:ﺴﺎدﺴ (١ ،اﻝﺘــــﺄﻝﻴف،ﻝﺠﻨــــﺔ،،اﻝﺴــــﺎﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻠﻐــــﺎت،ﺘــــﺎرﻴﺦ:،اﻝﻴﻬــــودي،وﻝﻔﻨﺴــــون،،اﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸــــرق،إﺴــــراﺌﻴل ،،اﻝﻘـــــﺎﻫرة،،اﻷوﻝـــــﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌـــــﺔ،،اﻷﻜﺒـــــر،ﺤﺴـــــن،ﺒﺸـــــﺎرع،اﻻﻋﺘﻤـــــﺎد،ﻤطﺒﻌـــــﺔ،،واﻝﻨﺸـــــر،واﻝﺘرﺠﻤـــــﺔ ،،.م٩٢٩١/ه٨٤٣١ (٢ ،،اﻝﺸــــﺎﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝــــدار،،دﻤﺸــــق،،اﻝﻘﻠــــم،دار،،وﻝﻐــــﺎﺘﻬم،اﻝﺴــــﺎﻤﻴون:،ظﺎظــــﺎ،،دﻜﺘــــور،ﺤﺴــــن ،،.م٠٩٩١/ه٠١٤١،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،ﺒﻴروت (٣ ،،ﺴــــــﺒﺎﺘﻴﻨو،ﻤوﺴــــــﻜﺎﺘﻲ،،وأﻨطــــــون،ﺸــــــﻴﺘﻠر،،وإدﻓــــــﺎرد،أوﻝﻨــــــدورف،،وﻓﻠــــــرام،ﻓــــــون،زودن ﺘرﺠﻤــﻪ،وﻗـــدم،ﻝــﻪ:،دﻜﺘـــور،ﻤﻬـــدي،:،ﻤـــدﺨل،إﻝــﻰ،ﻨﺤـــو،اﻝﻠﻐــﺎت،اﻝﺴـــﺎﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻤﻘـــﺎرن،،اﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸــرﻗون ،،اﻝﻤﺨزوﻤـــــﻲ،،ودﻜﺘـــــور،ﻋﺒـــــد،اﻝﺠﺒـــــﺎر،اﻝﻤطﺒﻠـــــﻲ،،ﻋـــــﺎﻝم،اﻝﻜﺘـــــب،،اﻝطﺒﻌـــــﺔ،اﻷوﻝـــــﻰ،،ﺒﻴـــــروت ،،م.،٣٩٩١ه/٤١٤١ (٤ ،،اﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜـــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌـــﺔ،،ﻤﺼـــر،ﻨﻬﻀـــﺔ،دار،،اﻝﻠﻐـــﺔ،ﻓﻘـــﻪ:،واﻓـــﻲ،،دﻜﺘـــور،اﻝواﺤـــد،ﻋﺒـــد،ﻋﻠـــﻲ ،،.م٤٠٠٢،أﺒرﻴل،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة (٥ :،ﻓﻘـﻪ،اﻝﻠﻐـﺎت،اﻝﺴـﺎﻤﻴﺔ،،ﺘرﺠﻤـﻪ،ﻋـن،اﻷﻝﻤﺎﻨﻴـﺔ:،اﻷﻝﻤـﺎﻨﻲ،،،اﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸـرقﻜﺎرل،ﺒروﻜﻠﻤﺎن ﺠﺎﻤﻌــــــــــﺔ،اﻝرﻴــــــــــﺎض،،اﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜــــــــــﺔ،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴــــــــــﺔ،اﻝﺴــــــــــﻌودﻴﺔ،،دﻜﺘــــــــــور،رﻤﻀــــــــــﺎن،ﻋﺒــــــــــد،اﻝﺘــــــــــواب،، ،،م.٩٧٩١ه/٧٩٣١ 6) Archibald Henry Sayce: An Assyrian Grammar For Comparative Purposes, Samuel Bagster and Sons, London, 1872. 7) William Wright: Lectures on the Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages, Cambridge University Press, London, 1890. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ١٩٣~ • ﺸﺸوﻨﻘدﻫﺎ:ﺸاﻝﻘرءاندﻋوىﺸاﻝﻜﻠﻤﺎتﺸاﻷﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔﺸﻓﻲﺸﺴﺎﺒﻌﺎً:ﺸ (١ :،اﻝﻤﻌــــرب،ﻤــــن،اﻝﻜــــﻼم،اﻷﻋﺠﻤــــﻲ،ﻋﻠــــﻰ،ﺤــــروف،،،اﻝﻠﻐــــويأﺒــــو،ﻤﻨﺼــــور،اﻝﺠــــواﻝﻴﻘﻲ ﻤرﻜــز،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــق،اﻝﻤﻌﺠــم،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــق،وﺸــرح:،اﻝﺸــﻴﺦ،أﺤﻤــد،ﺸــﺎﻜر،،ﻤطﺒﻌــﺔ،دار،اﻝﻜﺘــب،اﻝﻤﺼــرﻴﺔ،، ،،م.٩٦٩١ه/٩٨٣١اﻝﺘراث،وﻨﺸرﻩ،،وزارة،اﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ،،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،، (٢ ﻤــن،اﻝﻤﻌــرب،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـــق:،،اﻝﻘــرءانﻝﻤﻬــذب،ﻓــﻲ،ﻤـــﺎ،وﻗــﻊ،ﻓــﻲ،اﻝﺴــﻴوطﻲ:،اﺠــﻼل،اﻝــدﻴن، دﻜﺘور،اﻝﺘﻬﺎﻤﻲ،اﻝراﺠﺤﻲ،اﻝﻬﺎﺸﻤﻲ،،ﺼﻨدوق،إﺤﻴﺎء،اﻝﺘراث،اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ،اﻝﻤﺸـﺘرك،ﺒـﻴن،اﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜـﺔ، اﻝﻤﺤﻤدﻴـــﺔ،،اﻝﻤﻐـــرب،،ﺒـــدون،،-اﻝﻤﻐرﺒﻴـــﺔ،ودوﻝـــﺔ،اﻹﻤـــﺎرات،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴـــﺔ،اﻝﻤﺘﺤـــدة،،ﻤطﺒﻌـــﺔ،ﻓﻀـــﺎﻝﺔ ،،ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ. (٣ init ا ::ر: The Mutawakkili of Assuyuti, A Translation of the arabic text, with introduction, notes and indices, By: William Bell, A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Yale University in candidacy for the degree of doctor of philosophy,1924.،، (٤ اﻝﻘدﻴﻤــﺔ،،ﻤﻘطــﻊ،ﻓﻴــدﻴو،،ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺒرﻴــﺔ،اﻝﺘــوراة،ﺘﺤرﻴــف،ﻋــدم،أدﻝــﺔ:،،،اﻷﺴــﺘﺎذﻝــؤي،اﻝﺸــرﻴف ،ﻋﻠﻰ،اﻝﻴوﺘﻴوب. (٥ ،،.ﻝؤي،اﻝﺸرﻴف:،اﻝﺠذور،اﻵراﻤﻴﺔ،ﻝﻠﻘرآن،اﻝﻘدﻴم،،ﻤﻘطﻊ،ﻓﻴدﻴو،ﻋﻠﻰ،اﻝﻴوﺘﻴوب (٦ ،،.اﻝﻤﻌﻨﻰ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻲ،ﻝﻠﺤروف،اﻝﻤﻘطﻌﺔ،،ﻤﻘطﻊ،ﻓﻴدﻴو،ﻋﻠﻰ،اﻝﻴوﺘﻴوبﻝؤي،اﻝﺸرﻴف:، 7) Alphonse Mingana: Syriac Influence on the Style of the Ḳur'ān, Bulletin Of The John Rylands Library, Manchester, 1927, Volume11(1). 8) Arthur Geffery: The Foreign Vocabulary of The Qura'n, Baroda Institute, printed in Great Britain by: Austin and Sons, 1938. 9) Arthur Jeffery: The Mystic Letters of the Koran, The Muslim World, Volume 14, Issue 3, pages 247–260, July 1924. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٢٩٣~ 10) Christoph Luxenberg: The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran: A Contribution to the Decoding of the Language of the Qur'an, English Edition, Verlag Hans Schiler, Germany, 2007. 11) Daniel King: A Christian Qur'ā n, A Study in the Syriac Background to the Language of the Qur'ān as Presented in the Work of Christoph Luxenberg, JLARC 3 (2009). 12) François de Blois: Review Of Die Syro-aramäische Lesart des Koran, Ein Beitrag zur Entschlüsselung der Koransprache Christoph Luxenberg’, 2000, Das Arabische Buch, Berlin, Journal of Qur'anic Studies, 2003, Volume V, Issue 1. 13) Gabriel Sawma: The Qur'an: Misinterpreted, Mistranslated, and Misread. The Aramaic Language of the Qur'an, Adi Books, USA, (April 15, 2006). 14) Jacob Golii: Monitio ad Lectorum, in: Tom Erpenii: Grammatica Arabica, Typis et impensis Ioannis Maire, 1656. 15) Saifullah, Mohammad Ghoniem & Shibli Zaman: From Alphonse Mingana To Christoph Luxenberg, Arabic Script & The Alleged Syriac Origins Of The Qur'an, Islamic Awareness, All Rights Reserved, First Composed: 20th December 2004, Last Modified: 3rd May 2007.، 16) Theodor Nöldeke, Gotthelf Bergsträser, Friedrich Schwally, Otto Pretzl: The History of the Qur ʾān, Edited and Traslated by: Wolfgang Bhn, Brill, Leiden, Boston, 2013. • ﺸﺸاﻝﻜﺘﺎبﺸاﻝﻤﻘدسﺸوﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻪ:ﺜﺎﻤﻨﺎً:ﺸ (١ اﻝﻔﻐﺎﻝﻲ،،وأﻨطون،ﻋوﻜر،،وﻨﻌﻤﺔ،اﷲ،اﻝﺨوري،،وﻴوﺴف،ﻓﺨـري،،اﻵﺒـﺎء:،اﻝﻌﻬـد،،ﺒوﻝس اﻝﺠدﻴد،ﻴوﻨﺎﻨﻲ،ﻋرﺒﻲ،،اﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ،اﻷﻨطوﻨﻴﺔ،،ﻜﻠﻴﺔ،اﻝﻌﻠوم،اﻝﺒﻴﺒﻠﻴﺔ،واﻝﻤﺴﻜوﻨﻴﺔ،،دﻴر،ﻤﺎر،ﻜروز،، ،م.٣٠٠٢اﻝدﻜواﻨﺔ،،ﻝﺒﻨﺎن،،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،اﻷوﻝﻰ،، (٢ ،ﻤﻌــــﺔاﻝﺠﺎ،،ﻋرﺒــــﻲ،ﻋﺒــــري،اﻝﻘــــدﻴم،اﻝﻌﻬــــد:،اﻵﺒــــﺎء،،ﻋَــــوﻜر،وأﻨطــــون،اﻝﻔﻐــــﺎﻝﻲ،ﺒــــوﻝس ،،.م٧٠٠٢،،اﻷوﻝﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،ﻝﺒﻨﺎن،،اﻝﺒوﻝﺴﻴﺔ،اﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ:،ﺘوزﻴﻊ،،اﻷﻨطوﻨﻴﺔ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٣٩٣~ (٣ ،،.م٥٩٩١،،اﻝﻤﻘدس،اﻝﻜﺘﺎبﻓﻲ،اﻝﺸرق،اﻷوﺴط:،،اﻝﻤﻘدس،اﻝﻜﺘﺎبدار، 4) ܐܪ 6.init , The Aramic Peshitta, published by: British and Foreign Bible Society, England & Wales, 1905, Online Version, Dukhrana Biblical Research, Copyright © 2006-2014, http://dukhrana.com. 5) Bruce M. Metzger: The Early Versions of the New Testament: Their Origin, Transmission, and Limitations, Oxford University Press, New York, 1977.، • ﺸﺸاﻝﺴرﻴﺔ:اﻝﻘﺒﺎﻻﻩﺸواﻝﺒﺎطﻨﻴﺔﺸواﻝﺤرﻜﺎتﺸﺘﺎﺴﻌﺎً:ﺸ (١ ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ،،،اﻝﻜﺒـرى،اﻝﻤﻌـﺎرف،ﺸـﻤس:،اﻝﺒوﻨﻲ،،اﻝﻘﺒﺎﻝﻲ،اﻝﻌرﺒﻲ،ﻴوﺴف،ﺒن،ﻋﻠﻲ،ﺒن،أﺤﻤد ،،.م٦٢٩١ه/٥٤٣١وﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،ﻤﺼطﻔﻰ،اﻝﺒﺎﺒﻲ،اﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،، (٢ ،دار،،اﻝﻌزﻴز،ﻋﺒد،ﺴﻴدي،ﻜﻼم،ﻤن،اﻹﺒرﻴز:،اﻝﺒﺎطﻨﻲ،،اﻝﺴﻠﺠﻤﺎﺴﻲ،اﻝﻤﺒﺎرك،ﺒن،أﺤﻤد ،،.م٢٠٠٢/ه٣٢٤١،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻜﺘب 3) Aaron L. Raskin, Rabbi: Letters of Light, Sichos in English, England, 2003.، 4) Fama Fraternitatis or A Discovery of the fraternity of the most laudable order of the Rosy Cross, with a preface by: Eugenius Philalethes, printed by: F. M. for: Giles Calvert, at the Black Spread Eagle, at the west end of Pauls, 1653. 5) Isidor Kalisch, Dr.: Sepher Yezirah, Abook on creation in Hebrew with English translation, L. H. Frank and Co., Publishers and Printers, New York,1877. 6) MacGregor Mathers : The kabbalaha unveiled , Translated into English from the Latin version of Knorr Von Rosenroth and collated with the original chalde and Hebrew text, George Redway Publishing , London , 1887. 7) Nurho de Manhar: The Sepher HaZohar, or The Book of Light, New York, Theosophical Publishing Company, 1900. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٤٩٣~ • ﺸﺸواﻷﻨﺴﺎب:ﺸاﻝﺘﺎرﻴﺦوﺸاﻝﺠﻐراﻓﻴﺎﺸﻋﺎﺸراً:ﺸ (١ :،وﺘﺤﻘﻴـــق،ﺸـــرح،،اﻷطﺒـــﺎء،طﺒﻘـــﺎت،ﻓـــﻲ،اﻷﻨﺒـــﺎء،ﻋﻴـــون:،أﺼـــﻴﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝﻤـــؤرخ،أﺒـــﻲ،اﺒـــن ،،م.٥٩٩١،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﺤﻴﺎة،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،دار،،رﻀﺎ،ﻨزار،دﻜﺘور (٢ ،ﺎﺒن،،اﻝﻤﻌروف،ﺒـاﻝﺒﻐدادي،اﻝوراق،اﺴﺤﺎق،ﺒن،ﻤﺤﻤد،ﺒن،اﺴﺤﺎق،ﺒن،ﻤﺤﻤد،اﻝﻔرج،أﺒو ،،.ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ،ﺒدون،،ﺒﻴروت،،واﻝﻨﺸر،ﻝﻠطﺒﺎﻋﺔ،اﻝﻤﻌرﻓﺔ،دار،،اﻝﻔﻬرﺴت:،اﻝﻤؤرخ،اﻝﻨدﻴم، (٣ ،ﺒـــﺎﺒن،اﻝﻤﻌـــروف،،اﻝﺸــﺎﻓﻌﻲ،اﷲ،ﻋﺒـــد،ﺒــن،اﷲ،ﻫﺒـــﺔ،ﺒـــن،اﻝﺤﺴــن،ﺒـــن،ﻋﻠــﻲ،اﻝﻘﺎﺴـــم،أﺒــو ،اﻝﻔﻜـــر،دار،،اﻝﻌﻤـــروي،ﻏراﻤـــﺔ،ﺒـــن،ﻋﻤـــرو:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـــق،،دﻤﺸـــق،ﻤدﻴﻨـــﺔ،ﺘـــﺎرﻴﺦ:،اﻝﺤـــﺎﻓظ،،ﻋﺴـــﺎﻜر ،،م.٥٩٩١/ه٥١٤١،،واﻝﺘوزﻴﻊ،واﻝﻨﺸر،ﻝﻠطﺒﺎﻋﺔ (٤ ،ﻋﺒــد،ﺒــن،اﻝﺤــﺎرث،ﺒــن،ﻋﻤــرو،ﺒــن،ﺒﺸــر،ﺒــن،اﻝﺴــﺎﺌب،ﺒــن،ﻤﺤﻤــد،ﺒــن،ﻫﺸــﺎم،اﻝﻤﻨــذر،أﺒــو ،ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ،،اﻝﻜﺘـب،ﻋـﺎﻝم،،ﺤﺴـن،ﻨـﺎﺠﻲ،دﻜﺘـور:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق،،اﻝﻨﺴب،ﺠﻤﻬرة:،اﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ،،اﻝﻨﺴﺎﺒﺔ،اﻝﺤﺎرث ،،.م٦٨٩١/ه٧٠٤١،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻷوﻝﻰ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ،اﻝﻨﻬﻀﺔ (٥ ،أﺨﺒــﺎر:،اﻝﻤﻜــﻲ،،اﻝﻤــؤرخ،اﻝﻐﺴــﺎﻨﻲ،اﻷزرﻗــﻲ،أﺤﻤــد،ﺒــن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒــد،ﺒــن،ﻤﺤﻤــد،اﻝوﻝﻴــد،أﺒــو ،ﻤطﺒـوع،،دﻫـﻴش،ﺒـن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒـد،ﺒـن،اﻝﻤﻠـك،ﻋﺒـد،دﻜﺘـور:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴـق،،اﻵﺜـﺎر،ﻤـن،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ،ﺠﺎء،وﻤﺎ،ﻤﻜﺔ ،،.م٣٠٠٢/ه٤٢٤١،،اﻷﺴدي،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،اﻝﻤؤﻝف،ﻨﻔﻘﺔ،ﻋﻠﻰ (٦ ،ﺠﺎﻤﻌـــﺔ،ﺴـــﺎﻋدت،،اﻹﺴـــﻼم،ﻗﺒـــل،اﻝﻌـــرب،ﺘـــﺎرﻴﺦ،ﻓـــﻲ،اﻝﻤﻔﺼـــل:،ﻋﻠـــﻲ،،اﻝﻤـــؤرخ،ﺠـــواد ،،.م٣٩٩١/ه٣١٤١،،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،،ﻨﺸرﻩ،ﻋﻠﻰ،ﺒﻐداد (٧ :،ﻤراﺠﻌﺔ،،ﺤﺴن،ﺴﻠﻴم،دﻜﺘور:،ﺘرﺠﻤﺔ،،اﻝﻀﻤﻴر،ﻓﺠر:،اﻝﻤؤرخ،،ﺒرﺴﺘد،ﻫﻨري،ﺠﻴﻤس ،،.م٨٥٩١،،ﻤﺼر،ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،أدﻫم،وﻋﻠﻲ،،اﻹﺴﻜﻨدري،ﻋﻤر (٨ ،ﻓــــﻲ،دراﺴــــﺔ،،اﻝﻤﻜرﻤــــﺔ،ﻝﻤﻜـــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻴﻌﻴــــﺔ،اﻝﺒﻴﺌــــﺔ:،ﻨﺠـــﻴم،،اﻷﺴــــﺘﺎذة،ﺴــــﻌد،ﺤﺴــــﻴن،رﻗﻴـــﺔ ،اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴــــﺔ،اﻝﻌﻠــــوم،ﻜﻠﻴــــﺔ،،ﻤﺎﺠﺴــــﺘﻴر،رﺴــــﺎﻝﺔ،،اﻝﺸــــرﻴف،اﻝﺤــــرم،ﻝﻤﻨطﻘــــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻴﻌﻴــــﺔ،اﻝﺠﻐراﻓﻴــــﺎ ،،.م١٩٩١/ه٢١٤١،،اﻝﻘرى،أم،ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ (٩ ،دﻜﺘــورة:،ﺘرﺠﻤــﺔ،،ﻤﺤﻤــد،اﻝﻨﺒــﻰ،ﺴــﻴرة:،أرﻤﺴــﺘروﻨﺞ،،اﻝﻤؤرﺨــﺔ،وأﺴــﺘﺎذة،اﻷدﻴــﺎن،ﻜــﺎرﻴن ،،.م٨٩٩١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،٢ط،،ﺴطور،،ﻋﻨﺎﻨﻲ،ودﻜﺘور،ﻤﺤﻤد،،ﻨﺼر،ﻓﺎطﻤﺔ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٥٩٣~ (٠١ ،،اﻝﻜﺒـــرى،اﻝطﺒﻘـــﺎت:،اﻝﺴـــﻴر،وﻜﺎﺘـــب،اﻝﺒﻐـــدادي،،اﻝﻤـــؤرخ،ﻤﻨﻴـــﻊ،ﺒـــن،ﺴـــﻌد،ﺒـــن،ﻤﺤﻤـــد، ،،م.٠٩٩١/ه٠١٤١،،ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ،اﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ،،ﻋطﺎ،اﻝﻘﺎدر،ﻋﺒد،ﻤﺤﻤد:،ﺘﺤﻘﻴق (١١ ،ﻨﺴـب:،اﻝزﺒﻴـر،،اﻝﻨﺴـﺎﺒﺔ،ﺒن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒد،ﺒن،ﺜﺎﺒت،ﺒن،ﻤﺼﻌب،ﺒن،اﷲ،ﻋﺒد،ﺒن،ﻤﺼﻌب، ،واﻝﺤﻀـــﺎرة،اﻝﻠﻐـــﺔ،أﺴـــﺘﺎذ،،ﺒروﻓﻴﻨﺴـــﺎل،ﻝﻴﻔـــﻲ:،ﻋﻠﻴـــﻪ،واﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴـــق،وﺘﺼـــﺤﻴﺤﻪ،ﺒﻨﺸـــرﻩ،ﻋﻨـــﻲ،،ﻗـــرﻴش ،،اﻝﻘــــﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜــــﺔ،اﻝطﺒﻌــــﺔ،،اﻝﻤﻌــــﺎرف،دار،،اﻝﻌــــرب،ذﺨــــﺎﺌر،ﺴﻠﺴــــﻠﺔ،،اﻝﺴــــورﺒون،ﻓــــﻲ،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴــــﺔ ،،.م٢٨٩١ (٢١ ﺘرﺠﻤــﺔ:،:،اﻹﺴــﻼم،واﻝﻤﺴــﻴﺤﻴﺔ،ﻓــﻲ،اﻝﻌــﺎﻝم،اﻝﻤﻌﺎﺼــر،،،،اﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸــرقﻤــوﻨﺘﺠﻤرى،وات، ،،م.٨٩٩١دﻜﺘور،ﻋﺒد،اﻝرﺤﻤن،ﻋﺒد،اﷲ،اﻝﺸﻴﺦ،،اﻝﻬﻴﺌﺔ،اﻝﻤﺼرﻴﺔ،اﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ،ﻝﻠﻜﺘﺎب،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،، (٣١ ،أﺤﻤــد،ﺤﺴــﻴن:،ﺘرﺠﻤــﺔوات:،ﻓﻀــل،اﻹﺴــﻼم،ﻋﻠــﻰ،اﻝﺤﻀــﺎرة،اﻝﻐرﺒﻴــﺔ،،ﻤوﻨﺘﺠــوﻤري،، ،.،م٣٨٩١،،اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،،اﻝﺸروق،دار،،أﻤﻴن (٤١ ،،ﺘرﺠﻤـﺔ:،ﻤﺤﻤـد،ﺒـدران،،٢دﻴوراﻨت،،اﻝﻤؤرخ:،ﻗﺼﺔ،اﻝﺤﻀﺎرة،،اﻝﻤﺠﻠد،اﻷول،،جول،، ،،م.٣٧٩١اﻹدارة،اﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ،ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ،اﻝدول،اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ،، 15) Adrian Parker and Andrew Goudie: Geomorphological and Paleo-environmental Investigations in The South Eastern Arabian Gulf Region, Geomorphology 101 (2008): P458-470. 16) Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge: The history of Alexander the Great, being the Syriac version of the Pseudo- Callisthenes, Edited from five manuscripts with English translation and notes, Cambridge Univresity Prss, London, 1889. 17) Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge: The life and exploits of Alexander the Great, being a series of translations of the Ethiopic histories of Alexander by the Pseudo-Callisthenes and other writers, Cambridge Univresity Prss, London, 1896. 18) Henry Jenner: Syrian Rite, East, The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XIV, Robbert Appleton Company, Copyright, New York, 1912. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٦٩٣~ 19) Hugo Winckler: The History of Babylonia And Assyria, Translated by: James Alexander Craig, Hodder and Southghton, London, 1907.، 20) James Carroll: Constantine's Sword: The Church and the Jews, Mariner Books, 2001.، 21) Irfan Shahîd: Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fourth Century, Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1984. 22) Irfan Shahîd: Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Vol.II, Part2, Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2009. 23) Michael Petraglia: Ancient network of rivers and lakes found in Arabian Desert, http://www.ox.ac.uk/news /2012-04-30. 24) Michael Petraglia and Huw Grouchutt: The Prehistory of the Arabian Peninsula: Deserts, Dispersals, and Demography, Evolutionary Anthropology, 21: 113–125 (2012). • ﺸﺸاﻷدبﺸواﻝدراﺴﺎتﺸاﻷدﺒﻴﺔ:ﺤﺎديﺸﻋﺸر:ﺸ (١ ،،م.٦٢٩١:،ﻓﻲ،اﻝﺸﻌر،اﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ،،ﻤطﺒﻌﺔ،دار،اﻝﻜﺘب،اﻝﻤﺼرﻴﺔ،،،،دﻜﺘورطﻪ،ﺤﺴﻴن (٢ :،ﺨزاﻨــﺔ،اﻷدب،وﻝــب،ﻝﺒــﺎب،ﻝﺴــﺎن،واﻝﻠﻐــوي،،،اﻷدﻴــباﻝﺒﻐــداديﻋﺒــد،اﻝﻘــﺎدر،ﺒــن،ﻋﻤــر، ﻫــــﺎرون،،ﻤﻜﺘﺒــــﺔ،اﻝﺨــــﺎﻨﺠﻲ،،اﻝطﺒﻌــــﺔ،اﻝراﺒﻌــــﺔ،،ﻤﺤﻤــــد،ﻋﺒــــد،اﻝﺴــــﻼم،،:اﻝﻌــــرب،،ﺘﺤﻘﻴــــق،وﺸــــرح ،،م.٧٩٩١ه/٨١٤١اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة،، (٣ اﻹﺴــــﻼم،،دار،اﻝﻤﺸــــرق،،،ﻗﺒــــل،اﻝﻨﺼــــراﻨﻴﺔ،ﺸــــﻌراء:،،،اﻷبﻝــــوﻴس،ﺸــــﻴﺨو،اﻝﻴﺴــــوﻋﻲ ،،م.١٩٩١ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،اﻝراﺒﻌﺔ،، (٤ اﻝﻨﺼـــراﻨﻴﺔ،وآداﺒﻬــــﺎ،ﺒـــﻴن،ﻋـــرب،اﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴـــﺔ،،دار،اﻝﻤﺸــــرق،،ﻝـــوﻴس،ﺸـــﻴﺨو،اﻝﻴﺴـــوﻋﻲ:، ،،م.٩٨٩١ﺒﻴروت،،اﻝطﺒﻌﺔ،اﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ،، 5) David Samuel Margoliouth: The Origins of Arabic Poetry, J.R.A.S (Journal of The Royal Asiatic Society), P415 – 449, 1925. http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٧٩٣~ ﻔاﻟﻔﻬﺮس ا ا ﻤﻘدﻤﺔﺸﺸ٥ﺸﺸ ﺸﺸاﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔﺸواﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ١١ﺸﺸ • اﻝﻠﻐﺔﺸاﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ: ٣١ﺸﺸ اﻝﻠﻐﺎت،اﻝﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ،،٣١ﺸﺸ اﻝﻠﻐﺔ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ،،٥١ﺸﺸ ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ،،٨١ﺸﺸ • اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔﺸأمﺸاﻝﻠﻐﺎت:ﺸﺸ٥٢ﺸﺸ ﺨﺼﺎﺌص،اﻝﻠﻐﺎت،اﻝﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ،،٥٢ﺸﺸ ﺠزﻴرة،اﻝﻌرب،ﻤﻬد،اﻝﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ ،،٨٢ﺸﺸ اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ،أم،اﻝﻠﻐﺎت ،،٩٣ﺸﺸ ﺸﺸدﺴﺎﺌسﺸﻏرﺒﻴﺔ١٥ﺸﺸhttp://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٨٩٣~ • ﺸﻨوﻝدﻜﻪ:ﺸﺸ٣٥ﺸﺸ ʾnʾt ٣٥ﺸﺸ أﺼل،اﻝﻤﺴﺄﻝﺔ،،٤٥ﺸﺸ á/à/ß/Þ،،٩٥ﺸﺸ D/C/B/A،،٣٦ﺸﺸ lftbrkt1m/rtbrkt1،،٦٦ﺸﺸ lftbrkt1§/rtbrkt1،،٨٦ﺸﺸ اﻝﻔﺎﺘﺤﺔ،،٢٧ﺸﺸ • ﺠﻔري: ﺸﺸ٩٧ﺸﺸ ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﻪ،ﻝﻠﻜﻠﻤﺎت،اﻷﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔ،ﻓﻲ،اﻝﻘرءان ،،١٨ﺸﺸ lftbrkt1k/rtbrkt1،،٥٨ﺸﺸ lftbrkt1Ä/Ã/rtbrkt1،،٠٩ﺸﺸ http://www.al-maktabeh.com

~ ٩٩٣~ /lftbrkt1D/rtbrkt1،،٥٩ﺸﺸ اﻷﻋﻼم،اﻷﻋﺠﻤﻴﺔ،،٨٩ﺸﺸ اﻝﻤﻔﺴرون،واﻝﻠﻐوﻴون،اﻝﻌرب ،،٠٠١ﺸﺸ lftbrkt1X/rtbrkt1،،٦٠١ﺸﺸ ﺴؤال،ﻤﺜﻴر،،٩٠١ﺸﺸ ﺸﺸأﻜﺎذﻴبﺸﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ١١١ﺸﺸ • ﻤﻨﺠﺎﻨﺎﺸاﻝﻜذاب:ﺸﺸﺸ٣١١ﺸﺸ اﻝﻘرءان ،واﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ ،،٦١١ﺸﺸ ﻤﻨﺠﺎﻨﺎ،اﻝﺴرﻴﺎﻨﻲ ،،٠٢١ﺸﺸ ﻨﺒﻲ،اﷲ،lftbrkt1{/rtbrkt1،،٤٢١ﺸﺸ اﻝﻘرءان ،ﻜﺘﺎب،ﺼوﺘﻲ،،٦٢١ﺸﺸ ﻀﺒط،اﻝﺘوراة،واﻝﻌﻬد،اﻝﻘدﻴم ،،٢٣١ﺸﺸ http://www.al-maktabeh.com