المؤسس في نقد الكتاب المقدس

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 17 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com v c 1543 1642 1789 1778 1844 1534 24 1535

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 18 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 1457 1 Grise Bach i 1678 Astruc 1753 Eichorn 1784 Hupheld 1853 1866 Graf EJDP E J D P 1

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 19 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com ii 1 Q Quelle Q Quelle Primitive document theory 154 2 documentary hypothesis Julius Wellhausen JEPD

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 24 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 34

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 21 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 22 6 11) 3 Jesus seminar Jesus seminar Robert Funk John Dominic Crossan 1985 1 1Wright, NT, Five Gospels but no Gospel, 1999, p.5

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 22 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 21 4 2 4 1 4 44 7 39 11 2 19 35 7 53 8 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 http://proud2bemuslim.com/wes am/012.JPG

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 23 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com iii pocm

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 24 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 1 What is the oldest known copy of the Bible? The oldest known copy of the Bible (complete Bible) in the world is the Codex Sinaiticus, dating from the 3rd or 4th century A.D. The Codex, while not only translating Hebrew and Greek manuscripts into all Greek, documents the dramatic shift of preserving texts in a bound book form rather than the tradition of writing on scrolls. There is speculation this book was written in Egypt. When the Emperor Constantine of the Eastern Empire (Greece) adopted Christianity, he commissioned the compilation of Greek versions of the principal Jewish and Christian scriptures. Although history records 50 manuscripts were written under the guidance of Eusebius, we're not totally sure this is one of those copies. Since its discovery in bits and pieces of vellum at the Monastery of St. Catherine in Sinai, Egypt, almost half of the Old Testament has been lost. Constantin Tischendorf, a German scholar, was instrumental in the acquisition of these documents for his own country and Russia in 1844 and 1859. As is the case with antiquity, the codex carries a 1 http://www.pocm.info/getting_st arted_pocm.html

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 25 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com value not only historically, but monetarily. The remainder of the codex is split between St. Catherine's Monastery, Sinai; the British Library, the University of Leipzip, Germany; and the National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg. Due to the fragility of the vellum, the manuscripts are kept under glass to protect them from further damage. Current collaborative efforts are to completely digitize the codex to make it available for a world- wide audience in English; possibly German, Spanish, and modern Greek. This may include a free website, a high quality digital facsimile, and CD ROM. The oldest Bible in the world would be able to be seen by all, but not be damaged by constant handling. The Catholic Church also has a similar copy called Codex Vaticanus, but is thought to be of a later date. iv 7

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 26 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com a King jams defenders American standard version b i 1 Textus Receptus 1514 1641 Basel 1516

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 27 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 1544 16 authorized version 1611 1865 2 16 9 24 Westcott and hort text Dr. Samuel C. Gipp 1the answer book 1http://samgipp.com

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 28 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 12 9 24 1882 a b c d انفبرٛكبٌ كزجذ فٙ انمشٌ325 يٛلاد٘ ؟ ٔكهًبرٓب يزشبثٓخ. ٔفٙ كزبة " انكزبة انًمذط فٙ 2 B α 1898 5 a B 1481 15 13 4

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 29 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com B 1848 1859 1911 1935 b α 45 1842 354 1845 6 1911 1935 . 3 Synoptic gospel c

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 34 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 2443 4 17 ( ) ( ) . ( ) . ( ) . 8 9 21 19 17 i ii iii iv 224 13

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 31 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 21 12 ». i ii Niv 3 LLxx 3 7 7 3 iii 5 22 : . 2 13 i ii Revised standard version iii Niv iv NEW Revised standard version v 1. كهًخ( ثغٛش عجت) كهًخ ثششٚخ يطهمخ، ثًُٛب نٕ لٛم ، ثخٛش ٔجّ دك ، كبٌ اطخ. فزجٍٛ أَٓب ئدخبل نهُض جضء يب نٛظ يُّ.

المإصش في َمذ انكتبة الممذس د. سًٌكذ اننجذي (عفب الله عنو ) 32 www.almosleh.com www.almosleh.com 2. لا ٕٚدذ أدذ ٚغؼت ثلا عجت. 7 8 Revised 7: 10 10 نى ٚذشف كزبة فٙ انٕجٕد كًب دشف انكزبة انًمذط a b c d 1 http://www.revisionisthistory.org/talmudtruth .html-and-.comehttp://www hear.com/dilling/chapt02.html